Working Principle Of In-Wheel Motors

The working principle of an in-wheel motor is based on the law of electromagnetic induction, whereby electrical energy is directly converted into the mechanical energy of wheel rotation to drive the vehicle. The process unfolds as follows: first, direct current (DC) from the electric vehicle's battery is converted into alternating current (AC) by an inverter; subsequently, this AC is supplied to the stator windings, generating a rotating magnetic field in accordance with the switching sequence of three-phase AC. When this rotating magnetic field interacts with the rotor-equipped with permanent magnets or electromagnets and mounted within the wheel hub-electromagnetic forces cause the rotor to rotate synchronously with the magnetic field. This directly drives the wheel's rotation, eliminating the need for components found in conventional vehicles such as clutches, transmissions, and differentials, thereby achieving efficient, direct power output.